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Theories

Interaction Design

For Interaction Design (ID), the PD tradition represents one meaningful area for the development (Löwgren and Stolterman, 2004).

Means-End Chain Approach (MEC) and Laddering Interviews

Traditional consumer research have a long history of devising methods for investigating how consumers relate their understanding of products, and of the world in general, to their own goals, attitu

Open innovation

The term open innovation was first coined by Henry Chesbrough in his book with the same name.

Participatory Design

Participatory Design (PD) stem from a systems development philosophy that started to emerge in Scandinavia during the 1970 – the Scandinavian tradition.

User-centered Design

The User-Centered Design (UCD) approach started to develop in the late 1970s in the USA.